Correlation between Coronary Artery Diseases and Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Background: Premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) has a significant association with diabetes mellitus. There are numerous studies showing that decreasing cholesterol is effective in improving cardiovascular outcomes in people with diabetes. Objective: This study aimed to identify the correlation between coronary artery diseases (CADs) and dyslipidemia in diabetic patients. Patients and methods: In the Cardiology Department of Zagazig University Hospitals we conducted this case-control study. 140 patients with type 2 DM were divided into two groups: Group 1 included 70 people with type 2 diabetes who had CADs and group 2 that included 70 patients with type 2 DM who had no signs of CADs (admitted complaining of symptoms of angina or CA showing no significant stenotic lesions). Angiographic examination and fasting and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels were performed for all patients. Moreover, comprehensive history was taken, cardiovascular risk profiles and laboratory investigations such as glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were done. Results: CAD group were significantly higher regarding BMI as it was distributed as 28.77 ± 2.3 and 30.04 ± 3.03 between No-CAD and CAD respectively. There was no significant difference or association between smoking or hypertension and CAD. SBP and DBP were significantly higher among CAD. Fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were significantly higher among CAD group than in No-CAD group. CAD group showed significantly higher TG and LDL-c distribution than No-CAD group. Conclusion: Increased triglycerides and decreased HDL levels were associated with CVD among diabetic patients.