Key result
Smoking links to STEMI in ~74% of young adults, far exceeding rates in older patients.
Why the study?
It is unclear whether smoking habits at the time of an incident STEMI differ across age groups and sex.
Does the prevalence of smoking at the time of incident STEMI differ across age groups and sex?
Cohort (n=9,914)
Does the prevalence of smoking at the time of incident STEMI differ across age groups and sex?
Smoking is the dominant modifiable risk factor in younger patients presenting with STEMI, particularly among women.
Introduction: Smoking is an important modifiable risk factor for myocardial infarction. It is unclear whether smoking habits at the time of an incident STEMI differ across age groups and sex. Methods: We included patients with incident STEMI registered in The Western Denmark Heart Registry from 2005 to 2015 (n=9,914). Patients were divided into four age groups (30–49, 50–59, 60–69, and ≥70 years) with the latter serving as reference. Results: Smoking was the most prevalent modifiable risk factor in 30–49 year old patients (74% vs hypertension 15%, hyperlipidaemia 10%, and diabetes 7%). The smoking prevalence decreased with increasing age, while treatment for hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, and diabetes increased with increasing age. Smoking was five times (odds ratio (OR): 5.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.37; 6.07) more prevalent among 30–49 years old patients with STEMI than the reference group. Differences according to sex were significant as the OR for current smoking in women was 9.88 (95% CI 6.94; 14.08) compared to OR 3.78 (95% CI 3.12; 4.58) in men.
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Gleerup et al. (2018) conducted a cohort in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (n=9,914). Smoking vs. Patients ≥70 years of age was evaluated on Smoking prevalence at the time of incident STEMI (OR 5.15, 95% CI 4.37-6.07). Smoking was the most prevalent modifiable risk factor in 30-49 year old patients with STEMI (74%) and was significantly more prevalent than in patients ≥70 years (OR 5.15; 95% CI 4.37-6.07).
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