A Comprehensive Assessment of the Cardiovascular System of Sportsmen-Skiers in the Winter Period of Preparation for the Competition

The aim of the work is to study the long-term effect of intense sports loads on the human circulatory system. The method of echocardiography, electrocardiography, recording of arterial pressure and electrochemiluminescent study in the blood serum of B-natriuretic peptide was used to carry out a complex evaluation of the cardiovascular system in seventeen highly skilled skiers in winter, during high physical activity, in preparation for the competition. Results. It was found that the subjects at rest had reduced blood pressure and lowered heart rate to 53 beats per 1 minute. Tricuspid regurgitation from 1 to 1.5 degrees was registered in all athletes. It was found that the free wall of the left ventricle of the subjects in the systole thickens by 26% more than the hypertrophied interventricular septum. An increase in the level of B- natriuretic peptide in the blood of athletes has not been revealed. Conclusion. The results obtained show that the cardiovascular system of skiers during the winter, in the period of preparation for the competition, is characterized by eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy, reduced barrier function of the tricuspid valve, a large contribution of the free wall to left ventricular contractility, a marked influence of the vagus on the SA node and the tone of the resistance vessels, the absence of an increase in the basal secretory function of cardiocyte in response to intracardiac hemodynamic loads.