Influence of Amino Derivatives of Modifiers on the Properties of ED-20 Epoxy Composition

Effect of six new modifiers N-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-N-(prop-2-ynyl)prop-2-yn-1-amine (I), N-(bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-ylmethyl)-N-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-prop-2-yn-1-amine (II), N-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-N-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)methyl)prop-2-yn-1-amine (III), N-(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)-2-methyl-N-(prop-2-ynyl)prop-2-yn-1-amine (IV), 2-chloro-N-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-N-(prop-2-ynyl)prop-2-en-1-amine (V) was studied, 2-chloro-N-(prop-2-ylmethyl)-N-(thiiran-2-yl)-prop-2-en-1-amine (VI) in amounts of 10, 20, and 30 parts by weight on the key physical, mechanical (flexural strength, Vicat heat resistance) and dielectric properties (dielectric constant ε) of resulting thermosetting materials when added them to an epoxy composition based on ED-20 oligomer cured with polyethylenepolyamine was studied. Results showed that the addition of compounds II, IV, and VI significantly increased the strength and heat resistance of the composition (up to 70 MPa and 130°C at 20 parts by weight of additive for compound IV), which is due to the high reactivity of their structural fragments. Compounds I and III, on the other hand, provide a moderate reduction in permittivity (ε ≤ 3.5) compared to other modified compounds and the control sample (ε ≈ 3.6–3.8), which may be useful in developing materials with reduced dielectric loss. A comparative analysis of the modifying effects of various compounds revealed compound IV as the most effective in terms of its overall properties, compound II as a mechanical strength enhancer, and compound VI as a balanced modifier, providing improvements in all studied characteristics. The possibility of targeted control of properties of epoxy compounds by selecting the amine modifier’ structure has been established, that opening up prospects for the development of new functional materials with specified performance parameters.