Perioperative risk factors for acute kidney injury following liver resection surgery

Aim: To investigate and identify potential perioperative risk factors for developing acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing liver resection. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of a single cohort centre of 110 patients undergoing liver resection. The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria was used for acute kidney injury (AKI) diagnosis. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative variables were recorded. These were then statistically analysed through univariate and multivariate regression analysis. Results: Acute kidney injury occurred in 17 patients (15.45%). Twelve patients were stage 1 AKI (70.6%), four were reportedly in stage 2 (23.5%) and one patient was in stage 3 (5.9%). Risk factors were identified through univariate regression analysis were ASA status (p=0.023), weight (p=0.001), gender (p=0.01) and baseline serum creatinine (p=0.031). Weight and Americal Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) status were also identified in the multivariate regression analysis as being independent predictors for the development of AKI (p=0.014, p=0.021 respectively). Conclusion: Acute kidney injury stage 1–3 is a common complication following hepatectomy. Risk factors including obesity and presence of comorbidities can contribute to the development of AKI and thus may provide appropriate targets for perioperative treatment.