Isoflavonoid Composition of a Callus Culture of the Relict Tree Maackia amurensis Rupr. et Maxim

Isoflavonoids, an interesting and restricted group of secondary metabolites of legumes, exhibit estrogenic, antiangiogenic, and anticancer activities and are now popular as dietary supplements. Plant cell cultures that possess an increased ability to synthesize these metabolites were examined. During the investigation, cell cultures of the Far Eastern relict tree Maackia amurensis (Leguminosae) were established. A selection of seed-derived cell aggregates yielded the callus line designated A-18. This culture produces 20 isoflavonoids, namely, the isoflavones genistein, daidzein, formononetin, calycosin, derrone, and pseudobaptigenin and their glycosylated conjugates genistin, 6''-O-malonylgenistin, ononin, 6''-O-malonylononin, daidzin, 3'-methoxydaidzin, 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyldaidzin, 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylgenistin, and 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylcalycosin; the pterocarpans maackiain and medicarpin and their glycosylated conjugates 6'-O-malonyl-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylmaackiain and 6'-O-malonyl-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylmedicarpin; and the new pterocarpan glucoside 6'-O-malonyl-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-6,6a-dehydromaackiain. These isoflavonoids, possessing a hepatoprotective activity, were stably produced by the A-18 calli for prolonged periods of observation.