Measurement of unidirectional P i to ATP flux in human visual cortex at 7 T by using in vivo 31 P magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Taking advantage of the high NMR detection sensitivity and the large chemical shift dispersion offered by ultra-high field strength of 7 T, the effect of magnetization transfer on inorganic phosphate (Pi) resonance during saturation of gamma-ATP resonance, mediated by the ATP synthesis reaction, was observed noninvasively in the human primary visual cortex by using in vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The unidirectional flux from Pi to ATP was measured by using progressive saturation transfer experiments. The cerebral ATP synthesis rate in the human primary visual cortex measured by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy in this study was 12.1 +/- 2.8 micromol ATP/g per min, which agreed well with the value that was calculated indirectly from the cerebral metabolic rate of glucose consumption reported previously.