Hydrodynamic Performance of an F-Shaped Fixed Breakwater with Side Plates Under Oblique Wave Incidence

F-shaped fixed breakwaters have recently been introduced as an asymmetric configuration with the potential to improve wave attenuation without substantially increasing the overall structural dimensions. In the present study, the hydrodynamic performance of conventional and side-plate-assisted F-shaped breakwaters is numerically investigated under regular oblique waves using a three-dimensional Boundary Element Method (BEM). A comprehensive parametric analysis is conducted to examine the effects of wave incidence angle, structural length, draft depth, and the distribution of the prescribed draft between the main structural body and side plates. The hydrodynamic response is evaluated in terms of local wave transmission, wave-induced diffraction forces, and diffraction-induced moments. The results show that the side-plate-assisted configuration provides the lowest local transmission coefficients among the investigated rectangular, solid F-shaped, and side-plate-assisted F-shaped configurations, particularly in the intermediate- and high-frequency ranges. Relative to the solid F-shaped configuration, the side-plate-assisted cases exhibit average increases of approximately 27% in the horizontal diffraction force, 44% in the vertical diffraction force, and 52–56% in the diffraction-induced moment over the investigated structural lengths.