Patient‐Reported Health‐Related Quality of Life One Year After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Single‐Center Prospective Observational Registry Study

Background Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is increasingly performed, yet long‐term patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) and health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL) remain insufficiently characterized. Identifying factors associated with HR‐QoL may contribute to patient‐centered care. This study aimed to identify demographic and perioperative factors associated with physical and mental HR‐QoL at 1‐year follow‐up after TAVI. Methods Among 337 patients undergoing TAVI, 211 1‐year survivors with complete 12‐Item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐12) constituted the analytical cohort. A frailty‐ and delirium‐screened subgroup comprised 112 patients. HR‐QoL at 1 year was assessed using the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) of the SF‐12. Associations between demographic and perioperative variables and 1‐year PCS and MCS were evaluated using multivariable linear regression models. Results The mean age was 83.3 years, and 42.2% were female. One‐year mortality was 7.7% (26/337). Older age (B −9.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) −14.8 to −4.2, p < 0.001), anemia (B −4.2, 95% CI −8.1 to −0.4, p = 0.030), obesity (B −5.4, 95% CI −9.4 to −1.4, p = 0.009), smoking (B −7.9, 95% CI −13.6 to −2.2, p = 0.007), and higher symptom burden (B −14.6, 95% CI −23.7 to −5.6, p = 0.002) were associated with lower PCS, as was physical frailty (B −7.4, 95% CI −14.2 to −0.6, p = 0.032). Female sex (B −4.1, 95% CI −7.5 to −0.7, p = 0.019), preexisting diabetes mellitus (B −4.0, 95% CI −7.7 to −0.3, p = 0.033) and physical prefrailty (B −5.9, 95% CI −11.4 to −0.5, p = 0.034) were associated with lower MCS. Conclusions Among 1‐year survivors, several demographic and clinical characteristics, including physical frailty, were independently associated with lower HR‐QoL scores. These associations are conditional on survival and questionnaire completion and may therefore be affected by survivorship and response selection, as well as the absence of baseline HR‐QoL assessment.