Key result
Macrophage functional continuum model suggests stage-matched therapies for sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.
Why the study?
Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy involves cardiac macrophages as central signaling hubs, but a comprehensive model of macrophage function and therapeutic strategies is lacking.
This review provides a conceptual framework for understanding macrophage dynamics in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, highlighting potential stage-matched therapeutic strategies.
Hypothesis-generating for stage-matched macrophage therapies in sepsis cardiomyopathy; prospective validation required before clinical consideration.
Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) is an acute, often reversible myocardial depression driven by the host response to infection. Cardiac macrophages are central signaling hubs that integrate systemic danger signals and orchestrate myocardial dysfunction. We introduce a "Macrophage Functional Continuum" model, conceptualizing macrophages as dynamic signal integrators undergoing three interconnected phases: sensing and initiation, intrinsic reprogramming and fate determination, and multicellular network execution. Conceptually, these phases represent functional modules that may overlap in time and vary across organs, rather than a rigid chronological sequence. Stage-matched strategies-including immunometabolic modulation, checkpoint control, nanomedicine, and macrophage-based therapies-may provide a more context-sensitive therapeutic framework than conventional anti-inflammatory approaches. This review aims to reframe macrophage biology in SICM and provide a roadmap for translational research.
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Xu et al. (2026) conducted a review in Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Stage-matched macrophage-based therapies vs. Conventional anti-inflammatory approaches was evaluated. A 'Macrophage Functional Continuum' model reframes macrophage biology in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, suggesting stage-matched strategies may offer a better therapeutic framework.
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