Assessment of Factors and Trends Affecting Different Pathological Types of Cervical Cancer in China From 2013 to 2022

OBJECTIVE: Cervical cancer poses a significant burden globally, particularly in developing countries, with China accounting for 20% of the global incidence. This study aimed to examine temporal changes in the pathological distribution of cervical cancer, particularly squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC), in China from 2013 to 2022. METHODS: A nationwide, multicenter, retrospective study analyzed 6645 cervical cancer cases diagnosed between 2013 and 2022 across seven tertiary hospitals in China. The study analyzed demographic, obstetric, and reproductive factors to identify trends in the proportions of SCC and ADC. Multivariable logistic regression was further performed among women with SCC or ADC to identify factors independently associated with histological type. RESULTS: = 0.012, 0.021, and 0.011, respectively). In multivariable analysis, compared with Central China, the odds of ADC relative to SCC were significantly higher in North China, Southwest China, East China, and South China, whereas menopausal women, Uyghur women, and rural residents showed lower odds of ADC relative to SCC. CONCLUSIONS: Although the overall proportion of SCC among ICC cases remained statistically stable during 2013-2022, SCC showed a decreasing trend in several high-risk subpopulations. Compared with our 2005-2010 series, the present 2013-2022 study showed a higher ADC proportion and a lower SCC proportion. These findings suggest a gradual shift in the pathological landscape of ICC in China and provide up-to-date nationwide multicenter data that may help refine future screening and prevention strategies.