Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Concurrent Pulmonary Thromboembolism

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Case Report. Population: Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Concurrent Pulmonary Thromboembolism (n=1). Intervention: Anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) and anticoagulation. Primary outcome: Complete recovery.

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Active pulmonary tuberculosis can occur concurrently with acute pulmonary thromboembolism in patients lacking conventional venous thromboembolism risk factors and can be successfully treated with concurrent antitubercular and anticoagulant therapies. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Siddhartha Chakraborty; Manu Chopra; Rahul Tyagi; Kislay Kishore; Aseem Yadav; Ritwik Chakrabarti; Srishti Tripathi

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-11007-0213

September 30, 2026The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases and Allied SciencesOpen Access

Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Concurrent Pulmonary Thromboembolism

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Key result

Combined ATT and anticoagulation achieves complete recovery at 6 months in concurrent TB-pulmonary embolism.

n=1

Why the study?

The coexistence of pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary thromboembolism in patients without typical risk factors is not well characterized.

Key Points

To present a rare case of acute pulmonary thromboembolism presenting concurrently with active pulmonary tuberculosis in a patient lacking typical venous thromboembolism risk factors.
Assessed a young male presenting with pleuritic chest pain, hemoptysis, and dyspnea via chest imaging, microbiological evaluation, and plasma D-dimer testing.
Conducted computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) to investigate persistent respiratory symptoms and administered a combined regimen of anti-tubercular therapy and anticoagulation.
Microbiological and radiographic evaluation identified a left lower lobe cavitary lesion with minimal pleural effusion, confirming pulmonary tuberculosis.
Subsequent computed tomography pulmonary angiography demonstrated a central thrombus obstructing the left main and descending pulmonary arteries, which resolved completely following six months of targeted anti-tubercular therapy and anticoagulation.

Study Design

Type

Case Report (n=1)

Structured PICO

P

Population

A young male with pulmonary tuberculosis and concurrent pulmonary thromboembolism managed with anti-tubercular therapy and anticoagulation.

I

Intervention

Anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) and anticoagulation

O

Outcome

Complete recovery

This case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for pulmonary thromboembolism in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who present with persistent or worsening breathlessness.

Implication

Persistent breathlessness in PTB may suggest concurrent PTE; single case leaves open prevalence and screening value in low-risk patients.

Abstract

A young male with no history of tuberculosis or risk factors for pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) presented with dry cough, streaky hemoptysis, pleuritic chest pain, and breathlessness of 3 days duration.Initial investigations revealed a cavitary lesion in the left lower lobe with minimal pleural effusion.A diagnosis of microbiologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) was clinched.However, the patient continued to be symptomatic with breathlessness, prompting a clinical suspicion of PTE.D-dimer values were elevated, and subsequently a CT pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) was performed, which revealed a central thrombus partially obstructing the left pulmonary artery with extension of thrombus into the left descending pulmonary artery.The patient was managed with anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) and anticoagulation, with complete recovery in 6 months.

Discussion

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Cite This Study

Chakraborty et al. (2026) conducted a case report in Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Concurrent Pulmonary Thromboembolism (n=1). Anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) and anticoagulation was evaluated on Complete recovery. A young male with concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary thromboembolism achieved complete recovery in 6 months following treatment with anti-tubercular therapy and anticoagulation.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6abe3592bdd7597321d9a46c https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-11007-0213

Topics

Pulmonary embolism

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Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Concurrent Pulmonary Thromboembolism

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Topics

Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Concurrent Pulmonary Thromboembolism

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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Topics

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