Key result
Lifestyle and environmental factors correlate strongly with hypertension in the elderly.
Why the study?
Hypertension prevalence is rising among the elderly, and lifestyle factors critically influence hypertension risk in this population.
Are lifestyle factors, pesticide exposure, and family history associated with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly?
Cross-Sectional (n=55)
No
Are lifestyle factors, pesticide exposure, and family history associated with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly?
Poor lifestyle habits, pesticide exposure, and family history are significantly correlated with a higher prevalence of hypertension among the elderly.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Should not yet change practice; leaves open causality and need for prospective validation in elderly hypertension.
Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease with a continually rising prevalence, particularly within the elderly population. Lifestyle factors play a critical role in influencing the risk of developing hypertension. This study aimed to determine the relationship between lifestyle and the incidence of hypertension among the elderly at Merdeka Health Center in 2025. Methods: This study employed a quantitative design with a descriptive correlational method and a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of all 125 elderly individuals who visited the Merdeka Health Center between January and December 2024. A sample of 55 respondents was selected using an accidental sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and blood pressure measurements and were subsequently analyzed using the Spearman's rho correlation test with a significance level of α=0.05. Results: The findings indicated a significant relationship between physical activity (p=0.046;r=−0.270), dietary patterns (p=0.029;r=0.295), rest/sleep habits (p=0.007;r=0.361), pesticide exposure (p=0.009;r=−0.351), and family history of hypertension (p=0.000;r=0.512) with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly. However, no significant relationship was found between smoking history and the incidence of hypertension (p=0.057;r=−0.258). Conclusion: Most of the investigated lifestyle components—specifically physical activity, dietary patterns, and rest habits—along with pesticide exposure and family history, have a significant association with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly. It is therefore recommended that elderly individuals adopt a healthy lifestyle for the prevention and control of hypertension.
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Surbakti et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=55). Lifestyle factors (physical activity, dietary patterns, rest habits) and environmental/genetic factors vs. Unexposed or reference groups was evaluated on Incidence of hypertension (r=0.512, p=<0.001). Lifestyle factors including physical activity, dietary patterns, rest habits, pesticide exposure, and family history were significantly associated with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly.
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