Key result
Age over 3 years is linked to ~17% higher mean LVEF in healthy non-descript dogs.
Why the study?
Echocardiographic parameters in healthy non-descript dogs were not well characterized to inform cardiac disease evaluation.
How do age, gender, and body weight affect echocardiographic parameters in healthy non-descript dogs?
Cross-Sectional (n=18)
How do age, gender, and body weight affect echocardiographic parameters in healthy non-descript dogs?
Absolute Event Rate: 69.05% vs 51.92%
Age and body weight significantly influence certain echocardiographic parameters in healthy non-descript dogs, which must be considered during veterinary cardiac evaluations.
Provides preliminary LA/Ao norms in healthy non-descript dogs; leaves open larger breed-specific validation before clinical use.
Considering echocardiography as the most widely accepted non-invasive diagnostic tool for assessing cardiac anatomy and function in small animals, present study was planned to assess echocardiographic parameters in dogs. Total 18 clinically healthy non-descript dogs were subjected to 2-D and M-mode echocardiographic examinations. Dogs were categorized by gender, age and body weight to assess their effects on various echocardiographic parameters. The mean LA, Ao, and LA/Ao ratio values were 1.70±0.04 cm, 1.72±0.05 cm, and 1.00±0.03, respectively, with non-significant group differences. However, the mean LA/Ao ratio was higher in dogs weighing >20 kg (1.04±0.03) compared to those <20 kg (0.91±0.04). M-mode echocardiographic parameters were within normal limits. Gender and body weight differences were non-significant, but age-related differences were observed. Dogs >3 years had significantly higher mean values of EF (69.05±3.84%), FS (38.34±3.31%), and CO (1991.34±201.95 mL/min) compared to those <3 years (51.92±6.11%, 25.97±3.65%, and 1330.71±213.40 mL/min, respectively). Other M-mode parameters varied non-significantly across age groups. The study concludes that the variation in certain echocardiographic parameters should be taken into consideration while evaluation of cardiac diseases in non-descript dogs.
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Kunjadiya et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in Healthy non-descript dogs (n=18). Age >3 years vs. Age <3 years was evaluated on Ejection fraction (EF). Age >3 years in healthy non-descript dogs was associated with significantly higher mean ejection fraction (69.05% vs 51.92%) compared to dogs <3 years.
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