The Year in Review: Anesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease 2022

Figure 1. Examples of different variations of situs. From left to right, situs solitus, situs inversus totalis and situs ambiguus with asplenia. Situs ambiguus may have many different conformations. (Created in Biorender.com.)

Figure 2. Example of a paediatric catheterisation laboratory report diagram from a patient with an ASD displaying measured blood pressure as well as arterial and venous saturations. Deoxygenated blood (blue) returning from the SVC has a saturation of 70% whereas oxygenated blood (red) returning from the PV has a saturation of 100%. As a result of blood flowing across the ASD, oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood mix in the RA. Whereas a normal oxygen saturation in the pulmonary artery would be 70–75%, this patient's mix of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood results in an increased oxygen saturation in the pulmonary artery of 82%. (Created in Biorender.com.) IVC, inferior vena cava; LV, left ventricle; PA, pulmonary artery; PV, pulmonary vein; RA, right atrium; RV, right ventricle; SVC, superior vena cava; LA, left atrium.

Figure 3. Extracardiac manifestations associated with congenital heart disease. (Created in Biorender.com.)

Figure 4. Systematic approach to patients with congenital heart disease presenting for non-cardiac procedures. ∗Minor, major and severe disease is based on the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program definitions. Reprinted with permission from Nasr et al., 2022 Circ Cardiovascular Qual Outcomes 2023; 16:e000113 ©2022 American Heart Association, Inc.4 CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; HD, heart disease.