Key result
Bilateral renal artery constriction raises systolic blood pressure and accelerates carotid proliferative plaque formation.
Why the study?
There are few reports describing arterial plaque formation induced by hypertension alone, motivating the establishment of a canine model to investigate carotid plaque development.
p-value: p=<0.001
Supports experimental model of renovascular hypertension inducing carotid plaque; leaves open human translation and clinical relevance.
BACKGROUND: There are few reports describing arterial plaque formation induced by hypertension alone. The aim of this study was to establish a canine model of chronic hypertension and investigate carotid plaque development. METHODS: Ten beagles were studied; 5 underwent bilateral renal artery constriction via a novel vascular clip, and 5 sham-operated animals served as controls. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), lipid values, the intima-media thickness, and the carotid artery plaque score were investigated during 1 year after placement of the clips. RESULTS: The mean SBP and DBP over time were significantly greater in the constriction group (P < 0.001 for SBP, P < 0.01 for DBP). There were no significant differences in blood lipid levels or other biochemical parameters. Carotid plaques were demonstrated at 4 months postoperation in the constriction group; and in the constriction group, intima-media thickness became significantly greater at 4 months (P < 0.05), and plaque scores became significantly higher at 8 months (P = 0.034) after clip placement. Carotid stenosis was proved by digital subtraction angiography 1 year after clip placement, and histological examination revealed that the plaques were mainly comprised of smooth muscle cells, proteoglycans, and collagen fibers, but few macrophages and little lipid. CONCLUSIONS: Carotid proliferative plaques were developed in a canine model of chronic hypertension induced by a novel vascular clip. The plaques were mainly comprised of smooth muscle cells, proteoglycans, and collagen fibers.
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Tian et al. (2013) studied Chronic hypertension (n=10). Bilateral renal artery constriction via a novel vascular clip vs. Sham-operated animals was evaluated on Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, intima-media thickness, and carotid artery plaque score (p=<0.001). Bilateral renal artery constriction significantly increased systolic blood pressure (P<0.001) and induced carotid proliferative plaque formation with higher plaque scores at 8 months (P=0.034).
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