Egas Moniz (1927) originated the method of visualizing the cerebral arteries in the living human by radiography of an injected radio-opaque sub- stance.In addition he has been associated with many subsequent advances.According to Sanchez- Perez (1941) the first phlebogram was obtained by Egas Moniz on Dec. 19, 1931, accidentally from a technical error in making a late exposure.Moniz was quick to realize its implications annd from this time angiography, which is the visualiiation of both arteries and veins, may 'be said to have replaced arteriography.The practice of making repeated exposures duru_ an injection wa s Jen developed, and by 1934 the Portuguese schoo ad elaborated the technique of taking six filtns in six seconds at one-second intervals (Egas--Moniz, Lima, and Caldas, 1934).The apparatus used, called the
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J. B. Curtis (1949) studied this question.
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