Key result
HCM is the most prevalent feline cardiac disease at ~6%, linked to Persian breed and male sex.
Why the study?
The prevalence of cardiac diseases in cats based on breed, age, gender, and body weight was not well characterized in this population.
Cross-Sectional (n=2,872)
No
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most prevalent cardiomyopathy in symptomatic cats, especially Persian breeds, presenting to this veterinary hospital.
Establishes regional HCM prevalence baseline in symptomatic cats; leaves open generalizability and clinical screening implications.
This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of cardiac diseases in cats presented to the Super-Speciality Veterinary Hospital, SVVU, Visakhapatnam, based on breed, age, gender and body weight. Of the 2,872 cats presented from April 2024 to March 2025, 164 cats with symptoms of cardiac disease were subjected to physical examination, electrocardiography, echocardiography and haemato biochemical analysis. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) was diagnosed based on an end-diastolic interventricular septum or left ventricular posterior wall thickness ≥6 mm on M-mode, while restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) was confirmed by normal wall thickness, an LA/Ao ratio >1.5 on M-mode, and an E/A ratio >2 on pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography. Among them, 10 were diagnosed with HCM and 6 with RCM. The overall prevalence of cardiac diseases in the total presented cases was 0.56 %, while among the 164 screened cases, 9.76 % had cardiomyopathy. The HCM accounted for 6.10 % and RCM for 3.66 %. HCM was more prevalent in Persian cats (80%), whereas RCM was more common in non-descript cats (66.6%). Cardiomyopathy was most commonly observed in cats aged 5-10 years (75%), with a higher prevalence in males (68.7%) and those weighing 3 to 5 kg (81.25%). The study concluded that HCM is the most prevalent cardiomyopathy in Persian cats.
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Vardhan et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiac diseases (Hypertrophic and Restrictive Cardiomyopathy) (n=2,872). Demographic and phenotypic factors (breed, age, gender, body weight) was evaluated on Prevalence of cardiac diseases. Demographic factors such as Persian breed and male gender were strongly associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which was the most prevalent cardiac disease among symptomatic cats (6.10%).
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