Electrically Programmable Polarization‐Resolved Photodetector Platform for Filterless Computational Spectroscopy and Imaging

Conventional spectrometers and polarization‐resolved imagers rely on dispersive optics or filter stacks, significantly limiting their miniaturization and system integration. Herein, a compact perovskite/organic blazed‐grating photodetector that functions as a bias‐encoded receiver is proposed. This design enables a bias‐programmable spectral response across 350–850 nm without external dispersive optics or filter stacks, while simultaneously offering polarization sensitivity. Under a bias of −1 V, the device exhibits a linear dynamic range of 53.98 dB, a millisecond‐scale transient response, and a polarization extinction ratio of 2.04 at 800 nm. By leveraging the bias‐tunable spectral response and deep neural network (DNN)‐based decoding, the device reconstructs broadband spectra over ∼350–850 nm and resolves 3 nm‐spaced quasi‐monochromatic inputs with an average peak‐position recognition error of ∼0.39 nm in the tested fine‐wavelength scan region. By further integrating wavelength and polarization states as multi‐dimensional keys, we demonstrate a secure optical communication system that utilizes electrical bias and optical inputs jointly as decryption keys and further explore a simulation‐based polarization–spectral computational imaging framework for retrieving scene contours and spectral‐centroid distributions. This work establishes a scalable, chip‐compatible optoelectronic platform capable of filterless computational spectroscopy and polarization‐resolved imaging, opening pathways for portable sensing, secure communication, and lab‐on‐a‐chip devices.