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Public engagement with S&T essential for economic competitiveness, democratic participation and social cohesion. Apartheid legacy shapes educational, social and economic inequalities influence who pursues STEM, participates in knowledge economies, benefits from scientific progress and has opportunities to engage meaningfully with S&T. Early and sustained engagement shapes interest, educational pathways, career aspirations and lifelong participation. Generational differences are an important policy consideration.
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Human Sciences Research Council (2026) studied this question.
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