Synthesis and characterization of Bio-Derived UV-Curable easy-to-clean coatings for multiple substrates

Purpose The purpose of this study is in the pursuit of sustainable materials for surface protection, the development of bio-based and environmentally friendly coating systems has become increasingly important. Conventional solvent-based coatings often rely on petroleum-derived raw materials and emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs), posing environmental and health concerns. Design/methodology/approach To address these challenges, this study focuses on the synthesis and performance evaluation of a bio-derived, UV-curable coating system designed for multifunctional protection. A derived polyester resin was synthesised using itaconic acid and hydroxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (OH-PDMS) through polycondensation and subsequently formulated into UV-curable coatings. Findings The structural features of the synthesised polyester and its modified counterpart were confirmed via FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. Coatings were applied to wood, aluminium and mild steel substrates and cured under UV irradiation. Comprehensive performance evaluations including stain resistance (ASTM D1308), contact angle measurement, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and surface characterisation via Scanning Electron Microscopy and AFM were conducted. OH-PDMS incorporation enhanced hydrophobicity, thermal stability and corrosion resistance, with contact angles exceeding 105° and improved barrier properties against aggressive environments. The easy-to-clean performance was significantly improved against common stains such as oil, lipstick and marker ink. Research limitations/implications The study mainly focuses on laboratory-scale experiments; large-scale performance was not assessed. Practical implications The developed coating system offers an environmentally friendly alternative to petroleum-based coatings, reducing VOC emissions while delivering durable, easy-to-clean and corrosion-resistant surfaces suitable for wood, metal and other substrates. Originality/value These findings highlight the potential of OH-PDMS bio-based UV-curable coatings for sustainable, multifunctional protective applications on diverse substrates.