Key result
Heart transplantation is linked to significantly lower carotid artery elasticity than liver or kidney transplantation.
Why the study?
Cardiovascular diseases are common in solid organ recipients and worsen transplant outcomes, but current cardiovascular risk assessment methods have limited accuracy, necessitating new effective evaluation approaches such as noninvasive measurement of common carotid artery elasticity.
Cross-Sectional (n=154)
No
Common carotid artery elasticity is significantly reduced in heart transplant recipients compared to other solid organ recipients and waitlisted heart failure patients, potentially reflecting the impact of cardiac denervation over time.
May signal heightened vascular risk in heart transplant recipients; leaves open causal mechanisms and outcome impact.
Background. Cardiovascular diseases are very common among solid organ recipients. They are associated with worsening transplant outcomes. Arterial vascular wall elasticity is an important prognostic indicator and a risk marker for cardiovascular events. Noninvasive measurement of common carotid artery (CCA) elasticity may be useful in assessing cardiovascular risk in solid organ recipients. Objective: To conduct a comparative analysis of indicators of CCA elasticity in solid organ recipients and to study their relationship with factors that potentially have a negative impact on the risk of adverse events. Materials and methods. The study included 154 patients aged 10 to 75 years, including heart (n = 77), liver (n = 9), and kidney (n = 35) recipients, as well as 33 patients with end-stage heart failure waitlisted for heart transplantation (HT). In all participants, carotid artery ultrasound was performed, pulse wave velocity was measured, and CCA elasticity was calculated. Results. CCA elasticity was found to be strongly inversely correlated with age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, renal tubular filtration rate, CCA intima media thickness, and aortic pulse wave velocity. In heart recipients, CCA elasticity was significantly lower than in liver and kidney recipients (p = 0,002) and it inversely correlated with the length of time elapsed after transplantation, which is probably associated with cardiac denervation. Conclusion. CCA elasticity calculated via noninvasive ultrasound reflects the degree of adverse effects of pathological factors on the main arteries in solid organ recipients.
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Шевченко et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in Solid organ recipients and end-stage heart failure (n=154). Solid organ transplantation type (heart vs. liver/kidney) vs. Waitlisted patients / other organ recipients was evaluated on Common carotid artery (CCA) elasticity (p=0.002). Heart transplantation was associated with significantly lower common carotid artery elasticity compared to liver and kidney transplantation (p=0.002).
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