Key result
Age-dependent mechanical mapping of the common carotid artery in healthy individuals aged 2 to 40 years showed elastic moduli ranging from 41-54 kPa in females and 38-63 kPa in males.
Why the study?
Because stroke is primarily linked to large artery atherosclerosis, age-dependent mechanical mapping of the healthy common carotid artery was evaluated to potentially predict and prevent ischemic stroke.
Observational (n=202)
This study establishes baseline age-dependent mechanical mapping of the common carotid artery in healthy individuals aged 2 to 40 years, providing reference values for early detection of atherosclerotic changes.
Mechanical mapping of healthy CCA is feasible; leaves open its value for stroke risk assessment in clinical practice.
(1) Background: In 2022, the World Stroke Organization said there were more than 12.2 million new cases of stroke each year, between all ages and sexes. Six and a half million people die each year from stroke. Ischemic stroke accounts for 7.6 million (62%) cases, with 3.3 million (51%) deaths. Stroke is mainly linked to the atherosclerosis of a large artery. (2) Objective: Since the carotid artery directly supplies the brain, we used age-dependent mechanical mapping on the healthy common carotid artery (CCA) with the aim of being able to predict and thus potentially prevent ischemic stroke. (3) Methods: We assessed the CCA stiffness of 95 healthy control (CTL) females (2.23–39.46 years) and 107 healthy CTL males (2.85–40 years). Cine-loops of B-mode CCA data were digitally recorded with conventional medical ultrasound devices. Arterial wall elastic moduli were estimated offline using a proprietary non-invasive imaging-based biomarker algorithm (ImBioMark). Statistical analyzes were carried out with Excel software. (4) Results: Females showed a linear regression profile of CCA elastic moduli ranging from 41 ± 2 kPa to 54 ± 17 kPa (R2 = 0.88), while males showed one ranging from 38 ± 5 kPa to 63 ± 22 kPa (R2 = 0.83). For qualitative and quantitative illustrations, the elastic modulus data of CTLs were compared with those of subjects with Kawasaki disease and subjects born prematurely, respectively. (5) Conclusions: This study introduced some fundamental features of the mechanical evolution of the CCA as a function of age (2–40 years). Since atherosclerotic arteriopathy starts early in life, this gives the ability to predict risks of stroke and other cardiovascular diseases with the possibility of applying a more comprehensive range of potential preventive measures early in life. This is consistent with preventive medicine objectives which aim to be more predictive to implement pre-emptive measures as opposed to diagnostic and curative approaches.
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Maurice et al. (2024) conducted an observational in Healthy (n=202). Age was evaluated on Common carotid artery elastic moduli. Age-dependent mechanical mapping of the common carotid artery in healthy individuals aged 2 to 40 years showed elastic moduli ranging from 41-54 kPa in females and 38-63 kPa in males.
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