Key result
Intraoperative TEE enables immediate detection of catastrophic intracardiac thrombosis during liver transplantation.
Why the study?
Intra-cardiac thrombosis during liver transplantation is a rare, life-threatening complication with poorly understood mechanisms and limited early detection strategies.
Case Report (n=3)
No
Vigilance for intra-cardiac thrombosis is warranted throughout liver transplantation; these cases leave open optimal prevention strategies.
Intra-cardiac thrombosis is one of the most devastating complications during liver transplantation. In the majority of cases, ICT, followed by massive pulmonary embolism, is commonly occurring shortly after liver graft reperfusion, but it has been reported to occur at any stage of the surgery. We present a series of 3 cases of intra-cardiac thrombosis during orthotopic liver transplantation surgery, including a case of four-chamber intra-cardiac clot formation during the pre-anhepatic stage. This article represents a single-centre 14 year-long experience. Intra-operative TEE is the gold standard to diagnose intra-cardiac thrombosis, monitoring its size, location and dynamics, as well as myocardial performance and the effects of resuscitation efforts.
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Wang et al. (2020) conducted a case report in Intracardiac thrombosis during liver transplantation (n=3). Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was evaluated on Diagnosis and monitoring of intra-cardiac thrombosis. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography enabled the immediate diagnosis of catastrophic, multi-chamber intracardiac thrombosis in three patients during liver transplantation.
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