Tpeak-Tend and Tpeak-Tend Dispersion as Risk Factors for Ventricular Tachycardia/Ventricular Fibrillation in Patients With the Brugada Syndrome

OBJECTIVES: Our objective in this study was to evaluate Tpeak-Tend interval (Tp-e) and other electrocardiographic parameters as risk factors for recurrence of life-threatening cardiac events in patients with the Brugada syndrome (BS). BACKGROUND: The Tp-e interval in the electrocardiogram (ECG) has been reported to predict life-threatening arrhythmias in the long QT syndrome. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with the ECG pattern of BS and 29 healthy age- and gender-matched controls were studied. The follow-up period was 42.65 +/- 24.42 months (range 11 to 108 months). RESULTS: Upon presentation, five patients had suffered aborted sudden death, five syncope, and two presyncope. Eleven patients with the ECG pattern of BS had a prolonged (>460 ms) QTc in V2 but usually not in inferior or left leads. No patient had abnormally prolonged QT dispersion. Programmed electrical stimulation induced ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation in 5 out of 26 patients. Inducibility did not predict recurrence of events. Cardioverter-defibrillators were implanted in 14 patients (all symptomatic and two asymptomatic). During follow-up, nine symptomatic patients experienced recurrences. Previous cardiac events and a QTc >460 ms in V2 were significant risk factors (p = 0.00002 and p = 0.03, respectively). Tp-e and Tp-e dispersion were significantly prolonged in patients with recurrences versus patients without events (104.4 and 35.6 ms vs. 87.4 and 23.2 ms; p = 0.006 and p = 0.03, respectively) or controls (90.7 and 17.9 ms; p = 0.02 and p = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates significant correlation between previous events, QTc >460 ms in V2, Tp-e, and Tp-e dispersion and occurrence of life-threatening arrhythmic events, suggesting that these parameters may be useful in risk stratification of patients with the Brugada syndrome.