Exploring multidimensional needs of breast cancer survivors for external breast prostheses and sports bras

Mastectomy, though often lifesaving, can significantly impact physical and psychological well-being of women with breast cancer. Physical activity aids recovery, and supportive products such as external breast prostheses and sports bras play a key role; however, widespread user dissatisfaction suggests a mismatch between existing products and survivors' multidimensional needs. This study sought to comprehensively examine survivors’ lived experiences with breast prostheses and sports bras, to identify their unmet needs, and to inform future product and service innovation. Seventeen breast-cancer survivors in Hong Kong participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews, and the data were analyzed thematically to identify recurrent patterns and overarching themes. Four themes emerged. (1) Physiological comfort and functional requirements: participants reported heat discomfort, weight imbalance, and poor fit attributable to static designs. (2) Psychological and emotional well-being: supportive products played a critical role in restoring self-confidence and supporting exercise as a coping strategy, yet anxiety often hindered physical activity. (3) Behavioral adaptation and compromise: survivors modified activities and relied on external networks for guidance owing to product limitations. (4) Opportunities for innovation: user-driven recommendations included modular, breathable designs and a thoroughly restructured, professionalized fitting and support ecosystem. Current products inadequately address the complex, intertwined physiological, psychological, and social needs of breast-cancer survivors. User-centered, co-designed solutions that prioritize adaptive comfort, supported by a professional service framework, are urgently needed to enhance quality of life and promote holistic recovery.