Person-centered care in nursing homes requires attention to residents’ preferences. Understanding what residents consider important in residential care can help inform preference-based care plaining. This study developed and evaluated the psychometric properties of the Preferences for Residential Care Scale–Resident Version (PRCS-R) among nursing home residents without cognitive impairment. A multi-phase design was adopted. Preliminary items were developed based on person-centered care and self-determination theory, existing preference measures, relevant literature, and were subsequently refined through expert review and cognitive interviews with nursing home residents. Content and face validity were further examined through expert review and resident feedback. Psychometric testing was conducted with 268 nursing home residents. Item analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity testing, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability were performed. The final 20-item PRCS-R included four domains: personal autonomy, social contact, therapeutic interaction and communication, and supportive healthcare environment. Confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the proposed four-factor structure. Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was observed. Cronbach’s α was 0.93 for the total scale, and the intraclass correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability was 0.88. The PRCS-R showed acceptable reliability and validity among nursing home residents without cognitive impairment. This resident-reported scale may help clarify residents’ care priorities and inform preference-based care planning. Further research could examine the psychometric properties of the PRCS-R among residents with cognitive impairment.
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Hsiao et al. (2026) studied this question.
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