Association of miR‐130a‐5p rs731384 With the Susceptibility of Peri‐Implantitis and the Function of miR‐130a‐5p in Peri‐Implantitis

Peri‐implantitis (PI) is a common inflammatory disease that threatens the stability of dental implants. This study investigated whether the promoter polymorphism rs731384 of the miR‐130a gene is linked to PI susceptibility and further explored the functional role of miR‐130a‐5p in inflammatory responses and osteoblast viability. A total of 143 patients without PI and 127 patients with PI were gathered in this study. MassARRAY was used to genotype rs731384. Saliva samples were collected to measure miR‐130a‐5p expression (via reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction [RT‐PCR]) and inflammatory cytokine levels (including interleukin [IL]‐1β, IL‐6 and tumour necrosis factor [TNF]‐α, via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]). In vitro inflammation model was established by treating hFOB1.19 human osteoblasts with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The functional role of miR‐130a‐5p was assessed by transfecting cells with a miR‐130a‐5p inhibitor and evaluating its effects on cell viability, apoptosis and cytokine release in the supernatants. Bioinformatic databases (miRDB, ENCORI and TargetScan) were utilized to predict downstream target genes and pathways. A Positive association has been discovered between rs731384 and PI susceptibility under GA versus GG (odds ratio [OR] = 1.758, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.017–3.036), A versus G (OR = 1.779, 95% CI = 1.140–2.778), and GA + AA versus GG (OR = 1.867, 95% CI = 1.110–3.140) models. Upregulated miR‐130a‐5p showed promising diagnostic value for distinguishing PI from healthy controls (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.858, sensitivity = 80.31%, specificity = 79.02%). Spearman analysis revealed a positive correlation between miR‐130a‐5p and periodontal parameters as well as inflammation factors (IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α and C‐reactive protein [CRP]). The miR‐130a inhibitor reversed the LPS‐induced reduction in cell viability, the increase of apoptosis and the enhancement of IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TNF‐α concentrations. Bioinformatics predicted that miR‐130a‐5p targets genes enriched in TGF‐β, Hippo and FoxO signalling pathways. The mir‐130a‐5p rs731384 polymorphism is positively correlated with PI susceptibility. High miR‐130a‐5p may contribute to the diagnosis of PI from healthy controls. The inflammation and metabolism of bone tissue in PI may be significantly influenced by miR‐130a.