Post-Infarction Left Ventricular Remodeling: Biomarkers of Progression and Methods of Prevention.

Left ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction is the most significant contributor to poor cardiovascular outcomes following MI. The remodeling process occurs as a result of myocardial structural and functional changes, which result in ventricular dilation, worsening systolic function, and eventually CHF (congestive heart failure). Researchers have investigated the ability of several different biomarkers to predict progression of VF (ventricular dysfunction), including but not limited to; natriuretic peptides, cardiac troponins, inflammatory markers, galectin-3, soluble ST2, and matrix metalloproteinases. These biomarkers provide valuable information about myocardial injury, myocardial fibrosis, and neurohormonal activation. The most current strategies used to prevent cardiovascular outcomes after MI include; performing early reperfusion procedures, using clinical guidelines to optimize medical therapy, controlling cardiovascular risk factors, and providing patients with access to cardiac rehabilitation programs. Additionally, improvements in imaging techniques and the use of biomarkers to guide risk assessment have facilitated the identification of patients at risk of developing poor cardiovascular outcomes. An integrated approach that includes rapid diagnosis and biomarker monitoring followed by appropriate, evidence-based cardioprotective interventions may help prevent progressive VF and improve long-term clinical outcomes following MI. https://doi.org/10.52783/jchr.v16.i4.15477