Non-similar modeling and simulation for flow of Williamson nanofluid over a convective stretching surface

In this article, both local non-similar and global non-similar solutions of the governing equations for momentum and thermal transport of Williamson nanofluid over a convective surface are reported. The governing equations are simplified using boundary layer approach and dimensionless variables. The resulting equations are numerically solved to obtain local and global non-similar solutions. The flow features are presented and discussed for both slip and no-slip cases, while heat and mass transfer quantities are simulated for convective and non-convective sheet cases. The study found that the magnitude of velocity over a slippery surface is larger as compared to rough surface, while temperature and concentration profiles have less magnitude over convective surface. The Nusselt number is large on convective surface, while Sherwood number is small. The match between skin friction, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers based on linear and full model is possible only for small values of streamwise coordinate (ξ). Furthermore, both local and global non-similarity solutions exhibit a slight agreement for flow and thermal characteristics for small values of ξ and this agreement violates as ξ increases.