Assessment of Sirtuin-3 and Omentin-1 as Potential Biomarkers in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has metabolic and oxidative characteristics, which has led to the exploration of circulating levels of SIRT3 and omentin-1 as candidate biochemical markers. Objective to assess erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and biochemical correlation in the serum SIRT3 and omentin-1 levels between women with and without PCOS. A hospital-based observational case–control study at Al-Shirqat General Hospital, Iraq, was conducted between 1–31 March 2026, involving 40 women with PCOS and 40 controls who were assessed by a specialist gynecologist. Group contrasts, adjusted regression analysis and intra-group Spearman correlations were used to assess immunoreactive proteins in serum as well as GPx activity in erythrocytes. Mean (SD) SIRT3 was 11.17 (2.28) versus 14.97 (3.15) ng/mL, omentin-1 was 31.41 (6.37) versus 46.76 (6.40) ng/mL, and erythrocyte GPx activity was 28.27 (5.50) versus 35.41 (6.07) U/g Hb for PCOS versus controls (all Welch P < 0.001). All pairwise within PCOS Spearman associations among the three indicators were not statistically significant. For IL-1β, 78 of the 80 values recorded were below the lower quantitative range (3.9 pg/mL) specified for the assay identified; these values were not included in quantitative inferences. The three biochemical indices were different between groups; but the relationships within groups were not supported by these observations. Findings are descriptive, not causative or diagnostic.