Application of Telemedicine for the Control of Patients with Acute and Chronic Heart Diseases

Introduction: Telemedicine (TM) has transformed the field of emergency cardiology, particularly the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The ability to record an electrocardiogram (EKG) in the early prehospital phase, thus avoiding any delay in diagnosing myocardial infarction with direct transfer to the cath-lab for primary angioplasty, has proven to significantly reduce treatment times and mortality. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the available evidence and organizational models based on a support by TM in cardiology, including the applications of TM in cardiovascular disease based on a review of the literature. Results: The most important areas of application of TM in the field of cardiology are as follows: (1) Early prehospital diagnosis of AMI with EKG transmission; (2) Patient Remote control through wearable and devices; (3) Monitoring of patients with chronic heart failure; (4) Monitoring of patient's arrhythmias; and (5) Transmission of echo images to a III level center for a “second opinion”. Conclusions: TM services should, therefore, be considered as a true diagnostic/therapeutic aspect of cardiovascular emergencies. It is necessary to educate medical staff and to provide a tempting environment for software engineers. Investing in infrastructure and equipment is imperative, as well as a positive climate for its implementation.