Euler E131: Correction of astronomical tables using the geocentric positions of the planets | English translation | OMH v1.0

English translation of “Emendatio tabularum astronomicarum per loca planetarum geocentrica” (Eneström E131), titled “Correction of astronomical tables using the geocentric positions of the planets.” Attribution: Leonhard Euler. This PDF includes the complete original pp. 109–221, paragraphs 1–103, and Plate II figures 9 and 10. Prepared for Open Math Heritage with OpenAI-assisted translation, mathematical transcription and LaTeX typesetting. OMH v1.0 is a machine-assisted draft that has undergone a full, fresh independent AI-assisted technical audit of source coverage, translation, formulas, tables and figures where present, and rendered output. This is not a claim of human scholarly review or certification of the historical mathematics. Version 2 is reserved for a fully reviewed edition. Original publication: Commentarii Academiae scientiarum imperialis Petropolitanae, vol. XII, nominal year 1740, printed 1750, pp. 109–221. Sources: https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/euler-works/131/; https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/38339; https://archive.org/details/commentariiacade12impe. The complete AMNH Library/BHL witness supplies the text missing from the separate Euler Archive download. Its retained metadata records NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT; the generic repository date 1726 is not used as this volume’s imprint. The poorly printed numerator 1271 on p. 200 remains explicitly tentative; historical numerical inconsistencies are preserved with warnings. The historical original is public domain by age; no publication license is assigned here to the new translation or editorial notes.