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A record effective fibre nonlinearity of 5400 W−1 km−1 at 1550 nm has been measured in a non-tapered bismuth microstructured optical fibre. This extremely high nonlinearity has been achieved by fabricating a fibre with a suspended-nanowire structure with a core diameter of only 530 nm. The nonlinear phase shift is measured using the dual-frequency self-phase modulation method. This result demonstrates the potential of this emerging class of fibres for use in compact nonlinear devices.
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Zhang et al. (2008) studied this question.
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