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A retrospective study was undertaken of 15 cases of congenital vascular malformations of the upper limb with a mean follow-up of 5.6 years. Malformations were classified on the basis of tissue involvement into local and diffuse types and the outcome of a radical surgical approach was assessed. There were seven cases of recurrence (47%). Recurrence was more frequent in the diffuse type and when excision was considered incomplete.
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Pho et al. (1993) studied this question.
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