Key result
Serum sclerostin is linked to ~5% higher odds of arterial stiffness in kidney transplant recipients.
Why the study?
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is implicated in arterial stiffness and vascular calcification, making it important to investigate whether Wnt signaling pathway inhibitors sclerostin or dickkopf-1 correlate with arterial stiffness in renal transplant recipients.
Cross-Sectional (n=68)
No
Serum sclerostin may mark arterial stiffness risk in renal transplant recipients; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before clinical use.
Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is thought to be implicated in the development of arterial stiffness and vascular calcification. As a Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor, it is interesting to investigate whether sclerostin or dickkopf-1 (DKK1) level is correlated with arterial stiffness in renal transplant (RT) recipients. Fasting blood samples were obtained for biochemical data, sclerostin, DKK1, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) determinations. In this study, we applied automatic pulse wave analyzer (VaSera VS-1000) to measure brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and either sides of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity value, which greater than 14.0 m/s was determined as high arterial stiffness. Among 68 RT recipients, 30 patients (44.1%) were in the high arterial stiffness group. Compared with patients in the low arterial stiffness group, patients in the high arterial stiffness group had higher prevalence of hypertension (P = 0.002), diabetes (P < 0.001), metabolic syndrome (P = 0.025), longer posttransplant duration (P = 0.005), higher systolic blood pressure (P < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.018), and higher fasting glucose (P = 0.004), total cholesterol (P = 0.042), blood urea nitrogen (P = 0.020), phosphorus (P = 0.042), and sclerostin levels (P = 0.001). According to our multivariable forward stepwise linear regression analysis, age (β = 0.272, P = 0.014), phosphorus (β = 0.308, P = 0.007), and logarithmically-transformed OPG (log-OPG; β = 0.222, P = 0.046) were positively associated with sclerostin levels, and multivariate logistic regression analysis, sclerostin (odds ratio 1.052, 95% confidence interval 1.007-1.099, P = 0.024), and posttransplant duration (odds ratio 1.024, 95% confidence interval 1.004-1.045, P = 0.019) were the independent predictors of peripheral arterial stiffness in RT recipients. In this study, serum sclerostin level, but not DKK1, was proved to be involved in the pathogenetic process of peripheral arterial stiffness in RT recipients.
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Hsu et al. (2016) conducted a cross-sectional in Peripheral arterial stiffness in renal transplant recipients (n=68). Serum sclerostin level vs. Low arterial stiffness group (baPWV ≤ 14.0 m/s) was evaluated on High peripheral arterial stiffness (brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity > 14.0 m/s) (OR 1.052, 95% CI 1.007-1.099, p=0.024). Serum sclerostin independently predicted peripheral arterial stiffness (baPWV > 14.0 m/s) in renal transplant recipients (OR 1.052, 95% CI 1.007-1.099, P = 0.024).
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