Perceived health impacts of climate change in German kindergartens and implications for skin cancer prevention: an exploratory online survey

Aim Climate change increasingly impacts human health through mechanisms such as heat waves and elevated ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Rising UV exposure is of particular concern, as it is the primary risk factor for skin cancer, the most prevalent cancer worldwide. Children are especially vulnerable. However, climate change-related health burdens in childcare settings remain insufficiently researched. Subject and methods An exploratory cross-sectional online survey was conducted among educational professionals in German daycare centers. The questionnaire assessed experiences with climate change-related health burdens, informational needs, and measures already implemented. Data were analyzed descriptively. Exploratory factor analysis was used to examine the structure of perceived health impacts. Multivariable linear regression analyses explored associations with the resulting dimensions. Results Among 3655 participants (92.6% female; median age 40–49 years), many reported substantial climate change-related health burdens for themselves and the children in their care. Heat was the predominant burden (71.1% and 68.9%, respectively), followed by UV radiation (43.2% and 47.5%) and allergens (30.6% and 40.6%). Health threats were rated higher for children and at the global level. Exploratory factor analysis identified three dimensions: (1) perceived health threat, (2) heat- and UV-related burden, and (3) other climate-related health burdens. Information needs were associated with higher scores across all three dimensions. A greater number of state-level hot days was associated with dimensions 2 and 3. Conclusion Daycare centers need targeted support to address climate change-related health risks, especially heat and UV exposure. The association between perceived health impacts and informational needs highlights the relevance of professional training for climate adaptation, including skin cancer prevention.