«Implementation of general preparatory exercises for training beginners in power sports (example of weightlifting)»

The paper analyzes ways to increase the effectiveness of weightlifters' training and competitive activities through the targeted use of a set of exercises of various directions. In particular, attention is paid to general preparatory, auxiliary and special preparatory exercises, each of which performs a separate function in the formation of the functional readiness of athletes for control starts. The influence of systematic strength loads on morphological and functional changes in the athletes' body, which are caused by adaptive reactions to the training process, is analyzed. It was found that regular weightlifting classes contribute to an increase in muscle mass, an increase in bone density, an improvement in the functional state of the cardiovascular system and the activation of metabolic processes. In addition, strength training positively affects the formation of correct posture, increases the level of physical performance of athletes. Competitive activity of athletes in weightlifting is characterized by the performance of two weightlifting exercises with a barbell (of different) weight in six attempts (three in each competitive exercise). The ultimate goal of competitive activity is aimed at achieving the planned high sports result. But during the organization of the training and competitive stage, problems arise that the coach and athlete must solve when building the training process for the main competitions. When analyzing the scientific and methodological work of leading scientists in the field of development of power sports, it was found that the optimal weight of weights for athletes of this age is 70-80% of their own weight, with the number of repetitions being 2-3, and the series - up to 10 times. However, the main methods of developing muscle strength in young athletes are: repeated performance of a strength exercise with a load of near-limit and limit weight (maximum effort method), repeated performance of a static strength exercise, repeated performance of speed-strength exercises (dynamic effort method).