Long - term outcomes after the fontan surgery in patients with congenital heart disease and single - ventricle physiology at the Cardiovascular Center of E Hospital

Objective: To evaluate long - term outcomes and identify risk factors for late complications after the Fontan procedure in patients with single - ventricle physiology. Methods: A cross - sectional descriptive study was conducted on 90 patients who underwent Fontan procedure at E Hospital between 2011 and 2019 and were invited for follow - up examinations from July to October 2025. Results: Mean follow - up duration was 9.1 ± 2.0 years. Freedom from rehospitalization was 72.2%, and 86.7% required no reintervention; Late complications included protein - losing enteropathy (PLE) (11.1%), liver disease (36.7%), arrhythmia (4.4%), atrioventricular valve dysfunction (24,4%), and Fontan obstruction (3.3%). Independent risk factors for occurrence of PLE: follow - up ≥ 8 years (OR = 3.40), EF < 55% (OR = 4.95), hepatic venous reflux (OR = 3.75). Arrhythmia: follow-up ≥ 8 years (OR = 3.95), moderate AV valve regurgitation (OR = 4.85), Fontan flow reflux (OR = 3.45). Conclusions: The Fontan procedure provides favorable long - term outcomes; however, late complications remain significant. Lifelong surveillance is essential for optimal management.