Hiv/AIds and Sexuality Among Older Adults in Brazil: A Systematic Review

Population aging in Brazil has introduced new challenges to public health, including the increasing incidence of HIV/AIDS among older adults. Changes in sexual behavior, limited adherence to condom use, and delayed diagnosis contribute to a context of heightened vulnerability. Furthermore, social prejudice hinders discussions about sexuality in later life. To analyze the scientific evidence on HIV/AIDS among older adults in Brazil, with emphasis on epidemiological characteristics, sexuality, psychosocial repercussions, and clinical implications. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Literature searches were performed in the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) database using the descriptors "HIV" AND "aging". Studies published in Portuguese between 2021 and 2026 and addressing the Brazilian context were included. The findings demonstrated an increasing number of HIV cases among older adults, with a predominance of men, individuals with low educational attainment, limited condom use, persistent sexual activity, psychosocial vulnerability, and an elevated cardiovascular risk. HIV/AIDS among older adults represents an emerging public health challenge that requires comprehensive prevention strategies, early diagnosis, integrated healthcare, and public policies specifically tailored to this population.