The Fluid Mechanics Essence of the Speed of Light Limit: FQ Theoretical Derivation Based on Pure Elastic Collisions and Momentum Conservation of Gravitons

AbstractThe principle of the constancy of the speed of light is taken as a self-evident fundamental postulate in special relativity, without revealing the underlying dynamical physical mechanism behind this constant. The geometric treatment of spacetime has long created a divide between this framework and the underlying picture of quantum field theory. Based on the FQ gravitational pressure unified field theory, this paper proposes that the speed of light is not an intrinsic property of spacetime itself, but the intrinsic limiting wave speed of momentum disturbance transfer within the cosmic omnipresent graviton fluid medium under the condition of pure elastic collision and zero energy dissipation. By imposing the constraints of momentum conservation and kinetic energy conservation on the microscopic collision of gravitons, the momentum relay transfer equation is established, and the expression for the characteristic wave speed of the medium c_0=√{PFQ/ρ_0} is derived. The constancy of the speed of light and the speed upper-limit effect are thereby reduced to hydrodynamic effects. Within this framework, the length contraction and time dilation effects of special relativity are no longer geometric deformations of spacetime itself, but observational appearances induced by high-order fluid damping and dynamic pressure barriers when objects move at high velocity through the graviton fluid. This model provides a unified underlying picture for reconciling the locality constraints of relativity and the non-local topological transfer of quantum entanglement, and builds a mechanical foundation connecting macroscopic gravitational fluid and microscopic quantum effects. 摘要狭义相对论将光速不变作为不证自明的基础公设,并未给出该常数背后的动力学物理机制,时空几何化的处理方式长期与量子场论的底层图景存在割裂。本文依托FQ引力压统一场论,提出光速并非时空本身的内禀属性,而是宇宙全域引力子流体介质在纯弹性碰撞、无能量耗散条件下,动量扰动所能达到的本征极限波速。通过引力子微观碰撞的动量、动能守恒约束,建立动量接力传递方程,推导出介质特征波速表达式c_0=√{PFQ/ρ_0},将光速恒定、光速上限效应还原为流体动力学效应。在此框架下,狭义相对论的尺缩、钟慢效应不再是时空本身的几何形变,而是物体在引力子流体中高速运动时,受到流体高阶阻尼与动压壁垒带来的观测表象。该模型为协调相对论定域性约束与量子纠缠的非定域拓扑传递提供统一底层图景,搭建起宏观引力流体与微观量子效应贯通的力学基础。