The rapid advancement of Industry 4.0 technologies has revolutionized human resource management (HRM), accelerating its evolution from conventional digital HRM toward intelligent, data-driven smart practices. The transition to Smart HRM 4.0 signifies the relevant of employee agility when implementing strategies of digital HRM. To establish the link between employee agility and digital transformation, two research questions were formulated: (1) what new trends are emerging in the field of digital transformation through the prism of Smart HRM 4.0, and (2) what effect does employee agility have on the adoption of Smart HRM 4.0? Through PRISMA guidelines, this paper provides a systematic review of studies published between 2015 and 2025 in the Scopus journal database. According to the keywords search, 835 selected papers were screened for their relevance to the formulated research questions. Based on the screening process and inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 papers have been found relevant for the review. Along with the established agility-adoption link, the analysis reveals that digital leadership, organisational culture, and digital literacy influence employee agility towards HR technology. Overall, this research underscores the significance of employee agility in adopting digital HRM and suggests further research on human-technology interaction in digital settings.
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Rusdi et al. (2026) studied this question.
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