Architectural Analysis of Historical Pilgrimage Complexes in the Fergana Valley: A Comparative Study of Traditional Heritage and Hellenistic Influences

This article analyzes the architectural features of historical pilgrimage complexes in the Fergana Valley and compares them with Roman (Western) architectural traditions. It highlights the distinctive features of the local architectural school of the Fergana Valley, including sun-dried brick construction, vaulted structures, and ganch (carved stucco) and tile ornamentation, and considers their relationship to the Hellenistic heritage of Central Asia. Although direct examples of Roman architecture, such as the Pantheon, the Colosseum, and triumphal arches, are not found in the Fergana Valley, the influence of Hellenistic culture on the region and the distinctive trajectory of local architectural development are examined comparatively.