SAE Theory of Inter-State Cooperation · Paper 1: Mutual Covenant / SAE 国家间协作论 第一篇: 互约

When there is no superior with force overhead, and none is set up, how do covenants count among many parties? This paper asks five things: where new binding comes from; how, once consent has been given, it binds the parties; how far a covenant reaches; how dealings with states outside the system count; and how accession is reckoned. Several matters in the Three-Borders Cooperation System run through the whole paper: the Stonegorge Commonwealth joins with the written consent of all members, the DRP having delayed its consent for five months along the way; a new protocol on the Gorge Water fails because one party refuses to sign, the acknowledged notification obligation stands as before, and after a flood release questions are put under it; the NUT concludes a separate commerce agreement with the Plateau Federation, which is outside the system, and a clause on "not taking part in multilateral measures" is struck out; the north that has split off from the Republic of the Sandbars applies to join and does not obtain the consent of all members, and in a hypothetical case it takes its place as an observer member. Without a superior, new binding can come only through the consent of all parties; a covenant counts through each party's own law or through a procedure the parties have acknowledged, produces no "we," and does not grow into a third legislator; with no superior overhead, binding too can only be lateral. Within the system all states have equal status, and influence is not converted into votes. A covenant settles this one matter, carries nothing across the line, and covenants only as far as function requires. With states outside the system, things count by what all parties recognize; a covenant a member concludes separately is its own act, and the system does not veto it. Accession is a new covenant, and a league presupposes no center; line-crossing under way at first accession can be a reason for withholding consent, and an observer member's seat is a suggested rule; admitting one side of a split is a covenant and also an act, with three guardrails. Along the way the paper interfaces with Vattel and Grotius, and at the end it converses with Kant's Perpetual Peace (Zum ewigen Frieden): they agree that accession is voluntary and that size does not alter status, and they part over the center. The paper has eight propositions (XZ1 to XZ8), each stated at the end of its section and listed together at the end. 头上没有、也不立带强力的上级时,多边之下的约怎样作数?这一篇问五件事:新的约束从哪里来,同意以后怎样约束各方,约到哪里为止,与体系外的国家怎样作数,加入怎样算。全篇以三界协作体系的几件事贯穿:石峡邦经全体书面同意加入,其间 DRP 推迟同意五个月;峡水上的新议定书因一方拒签而不成,已认的通报义务照旧,泄洪以后照它发问;NUT 与体系外的高原联邦另订通商协定,删去了"不参加多边措施"一条;沙洲共和国分裂出来的北部申请加入,未得全体同意,一个设例里它以观察成员入席。没有上级,新的约束只能经各方同意;约经各方自己的法或各方已认的程序作数,不生一个"我们",也不长成第三个立法者;头上没有上级,约束也只能横向。体系里各国地位相同,影响力不换成票。一项约了结的是这一件,带不过线,只约到功能所需。与体系外的国家,用各方都认得的东西作数;一个成员另订的约是它自己的施为,体系不否决。加入是一项新约,联盟不预设中心;初次加入时正在进行的越线可以作不同意的理由,观察成员席位是一条建议的规则;接纳分裂的一方是一项约,也是一项施为,有三道护栏。随文与瓦特尔、格劳秀斯对接,篇末与康德的《永久和平论》对话:同在加入出于自愿、大小不改地位,分在中心。全篇八条(XZ1 至 XZ8),各节末写出,篇末合列。 Related works Relation Identifier Scheme Resource type Title References 10.5281/zenodo.19328662 DOI Publication / Preprint How Is Institution Possible: From Inter-Ontological Remainder to Co-Constructive Framework (SAE Foundational Paper 6) References 10.5281/zenodo.23270922 DOI Publication / Preprint Conditions (SAE Institution Theory, Paper 4) References 10.5281/zenodo.23271324 DOI Publication / Preprint Open to Questioning (SAE Institution Theory, Paper 6) References 10.5281/zenodo.23413511 DOI Publication / Preprint Questioning and Bearing (SAE Theory of Government, Paper 6) References 10.5281/zenodo.23584292 DOI Publication / Preprint What a State Is Not (SAE Theory of the State, Prequel) References 10.5281/zenodo.23584315 DOI Publication / Preprint The Last Rule (SAE Theory of the State, Paper 1) References 10.5281/zenodo.23584325 DOI Publication / Preprint The Last Exit (SAE Theory of the State, Paper 3) References 10.5281/zenodo.23584346 DOI Publication / Preprint One Another, with No Superior (SAE Theory of the State, Paper 5) References 10.5281/zenodo.23584352 DOI Publication / Preprint The Last Resort (SAE Theory of the State, Paper 6) References 10.5281/zenodo.23584356 DOI Publication / Preprint Questioning the Last Layer (SAE Theory of the State, Paper 7) References 10.5281/zenodo.22313628 DOI Publication / Preprint SAE Conflict Treatise: How Subjecthood Is Not Swallowed by Conflict Itself References 10.5281/zenodo.19656617 DOI Publication / Preprint SAE War Treatise: How Cultivation Is Not Swallowed by War Itself References 10.5281/zenodo.19548237 DOI Publication / Preprint One's Law Meets One's Law: The Structural Origin of Law from 14DD Showdown (SAE Law Series, Paper 1) References 10.5281/zenodo.19548596 DOI Publication / Preprint National Law — Azeroth: A Negative Thought Experiment on the Structural Necessity of Law (SAE Law Series, Paper 3) References 10.5281/zenodo.19549018 DOI Publication / Preprint Interstellar Law and Grand Closure — The Recession of Coercive Law (SAE Law Series, Paper 4) References 10.5281/zenodo.19551526 DOI Publication / Preprint A Posterior Dialogue with Western Jurisprudence (SAE Law Series, Supplement) References 10.5281/zenodo.20480134 DOI Publication / Preprint On the Recognition of Power · Shi (SAE Power Theory, Paper 3)