Key result
Hypertension is linked to ~48% lower odds of aortic stenosis in hemodialysis patients.
Why the study?
Patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis face high rates of cardiovascular disease and mortality, making echocardiographic screening and follow-up important to determine cardiovascular compromise and identify structural alterations.
What are the prevalent echocardiographic findings and risk factor associations for aortic stenosis in ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis?
Cohort (n=55)
What are the prevalent echocardiographic findings and risk factor associations for aortic stenosis in ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis?
Highlights the high burden of structural heart disease, particularly left ventricular hypertrophy and valvular regurgitations, in ESRD patients on hemodialysis, supporting routine echocardiographic follow-up.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Novel risks in hemodialysis patients identified; leaves open whether they refine cardiovascular risk stratification.
Background: Chronic kidney disease is a worldwide health problem, representing approximately 15% of the population in the United States. Up to 60% of patients are in hemodialytic therapy and suffer hemodynamic, inflammatory and neurohumoral changes, associated with traditional factors such as diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, obesity and metabolic syndrome; which predispose more than 40% to cardiovascular diseases, leading to cardiac complications occupying the first cause of mortality worldwide in 2017. Screening and echocardiographic follow-up are of great importance to determine cardiovascular compromise and identify possible structural alterations that may develop cardiovascular diseases. Methods: The present study was of an analytical retrospective, carried out in 55 chronic kidney patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. Results: The predominant gender was male 36% and the mean age was 65.5 years. The risk factors are arterial hypertension (94%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (76.4%), which were statistically significantly related to the etiology of aortic stenosis (p = 0.005, OR: 0.52, CI: 0.130 to 2.080) and (p = 0.01, OR: 0.00, CI: 0.00 to 1.03) respectively. The prevalent echocardiographic findings were left ventricular hypertrophy (65.5%), mitral regurgitation (54.5%), aortic regurgitation (38.2%), left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (34.5%), and 80% had left ventricular ejection fraction normal. Conclusions: The prevalent echocardiographic findings were left ventricular hypertrophy (65.5%), left ventricular systolic dysfunction (12.7%) and aortic insufficiency (38.2%). There was a statistically significant relationship in risk factors such as arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus with the appearance of aortic stenosis.
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Oliva et al. (2022) conducted a cohort in End-stage renal disease (chronic kidney disease) on hemodialysis (n=55). Hemodialysis treatment and cardiovascular risk factors (arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus) was evaluated on Etiology of aortic stenosis and prevalent echocardiographic findings (left ventricular hypertrophy) (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.130-2.080, p=0.005). Hemodialysis patients frequently exhibited left ventricular hypertrophy (65.5%), and hypertension was associated with aortic stenosis (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.130-2.080, p=0.005).
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