Content and design validity of "SIKOMPOS" interactive multimedia: Integrating problem-based learning and critical-thinking processes in elementary science

This article reports expert validation during the Development stage of an ADDIE project for SIKOMPOS, an HTML5 multimedia product that embeds the five Problem-Based Learning (PBL) stages in the Grade V ecosystem learning. Each interface feature maps to one of the following: clarification, assessment, inference, or strategy. Three expert validators independently rated 33 items covering science content, PBL alignment, multimedia design, language, and critical-thinking facilitation. Aiken's V and 95% score confidence intervals were calculated. Aspect coefficients were 0.917, 0.917, 0.964, 0.896, and 0.900; the original unweighted mean was 0.919, and the item-weighted overall coefficient was 0.922. Items 15 and 32, concerning solution formulation and decision-making, obtained V = 0.750 (95% CI [0.468, 0.911]) and guided revision. The findings support content and design validity according to this panel, not classroom practicality or improved student performance. Internationally, the contribution is a replicable alignment and validation procedure requiring local adaptation of language, curriculum, ecological narrative, and delivery conditions.