Cytokine Response in Dyslipoproteinemia in Adults Living in the European North of Russia Depending on Their Body Mass Index

An increase in proinflammatory cytokine content in the blood is a stereotypical inflammatory response, regardless of the etiology or type of inflammation. Since cytokines exhibit pleiotropy, they serve as signalling molecules in intercellular interactions and stimulate the functional activity of cells, their proliferation and differentiation. The purpose of this study was to identify the frequency of elevated cytokine levels in dyslipoproteinemia in adults with different body weight living in the European North of Russia. Materials and methods. The study involved 313 residents of Arkhangelsk aged 45–60 years: with normal body weight (211 subjects; body mass index up to 30 kg/m2) and obesity (102 subjects; body mass index 31–40 kg/m2). The enzymatic and turbidimetric methods were applied to evaluate lipid profile parameters using an automatic biochemical analyser; cytokine levels were determined using solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. Results. In subjects with normal body weight, elevated blood concentrations of the cytokines under study coinciding with dyslipoproteinemia were detected in 2–11 % of cases. In obesity, elevated cytokine levels were 2–7 times more frequent; the sharpest differences were observed regarding IL-6, whose elevated concentrations reached 44 % of cases. A significant increase in IL-1ß concentrations in the blood of the subjects is associated with an increase in the levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) as well as triglycerides (TG). The frequency of increased TNF-α levels was the most significant (36.28 %) at abnormally high TG concentrations. Elevated IL-6 levels were most often associated with an increase in the blood concentration of several transport forms: LDL, VLDL, oxidized LDL, and TG. In over 40 % of cases, increased IL-10 was observed in the blood of individuals with abnormally high levels of LDL and VLDL. Thus, obese residents of the European North of Russia are characterized by a more pronounced cytokine response. At the same time, cytokine response (irrespective of the body mass) is primarily associated with an increase in the blood levels of LDL, VLDL and oxidized LDL.