Key result
CAVI >=10.0 linked to ~2.3-fold higher risk of incident chronic kidney disease.
Why the study?
Chronic kidney disease is associated with cardiovascular incidence and mortality, and shares multifactorial risk factors with atherosclerosis. The authors investigated whether the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), a measure of arterial stiffness, predicts future CKD occurrence in patients without CKD.
Cohort (n=369)
No
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Shows elevated cardio-ankle vascular index predicts chronic kidney disease in Japanese adults, indicating arterial stiffness is a useful marker for renal decline.
Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is known to be associated with the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular disease.Therefore, the prevention of CKD may improve the mortality of cardiovascular disease.The risk factors of CKD are variable and multifactorial, similar to atherosclerosis.We hypothesized that the index of atherosclerosis predicts future CKD, and investigated the association between the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), the index of arterial stiffness in part of atherosclerosis, and CKD occurrence in non-CKD patients.Methods: Of the 1000 patients undergoing CAVI in our hospital from 2006 to 2007 without CKD, we followed renal function for 1 or more years in 369 patients.CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 ml/min/1.73m 2 .Results: We divided our study patients into 4 groups according to their CAVI: <8.0 (n Z 85), 8.0 e9.0 (n Z 75), 9.0e10.0(n Z 112), and !10.0 (n Z 97), respectively.The differences in serum creatinine between baseline and follow-up were 0.09 Æ 0.04, 0.11 Æ 0.05, 0.17 Æ 0.04 and 0.23 Æ 0.04, respectively (the P value for the lowest group versus the highest group was 0.04).The age-and sex-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidential interval, P value versus the lowest group) for the occurrence of CKD were 1.13 (0.58e2.20,P Z 0.09), 1.58 (0.85e2.94,P Z 0.09), and 2.38 (1.23e4.61,P Z 0.02).Even after multivariate adjustment, the relationship remained.Conclusion: CAVI was found to be associated with future renal dysfunction, thus suggesting that a CAVI !10 may therefore be a risk factor for CKD in Japanese patients.
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Maebuchi et al. (2013) conducted a cohort in Patients at risk for atherosclerosis without chronic kidney disease (n=369). Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) >= 10.0 vs. Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) < 8.0 was evaluated on Occurrence of chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and newly onset dipstick positive proteinuria) (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.08-4.83, p=0.02). Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) >=10.0 significantly increased the risk of developing chronic kidney disease compared to CAVI <8.0 (multivariate-adjusted OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.08-4.83, P=0.02).
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