Impact of hemodynamic characteristics on symmetric and asymmetric stenosis and aneurysm models

The parameters of computational hemodynamics (CHD) are essential for evaluating the physiological state of cardiovascular disorders (CVD). Plaque formation and the buildup of fatty substances inside the vessel wall are the causes of cardiovascular irregulates including atherosclerosis. Aneurysms and stenosis, two structural changes in arteries, have a major impact on hemodynamics and provide serious cardiovascular risks. Both CVD are the shape of vascular anomalies have a significant impact on the dynamics of blood flow through the arteries. Blood is a complex suspension with viscoelastic, yield stress, and shear-thinning properties, non-Newtonian fluid dynamics are frequently used to represent it. This study used a non-Newtonian Carreau–Yasuda model to simulate blood flow in arteries with both stenosis and aneurysm under symmetric and asymmetric topologies. The arterial segment is shown as a circular tube that is 4 mm in axial length and 0.3 mm in radius, with an inlet velocity of 0.5 m/s. The governing unsteady equations have been solved using the finite element procedure. The results provide that velocity with streamlines, velocity profiles, Wall shear stress (WSS) and blood pressure significantly alter between symmetric and asymmetric geometries. Asymmetrical stenosis causes eccentric velocity profiles, lateral flow deviation, and helical vortex, while symmetrical stenosis causes centralized flow and balanced recirculation vortices on either side of the central jet with same aneurysm size. We have investigated that asymmetric stenosis model produce the distinct significant than symmetric one. These findings advance our understanding of the hemodynamics of vascular disease and may use the medical research.