Comparative Assessment of FSH, LH, AMH, and TSH across Different Age Groups in Infertile Women

Infertility is a common reproductive health disorder that is influenced by multiple endocrine and physiological factors, and it is widely believed that age is one of the key determinants of female fertility. Aging is associated with a continued decrease in the ovarian reserve, an age-associated decline in oocyte quality, and the status of hormones secreted by the pituitary gland, mainly follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). These hormone changes can interfere with ovulation, fertilisation and the chance of a successful pregnancy. Materials and methodsthis study has been conducted to compare the serum levels of FSH, LH, AMH, and TSH among different age groups in infertile women who attend Fertility Center in Najaf, Iraq. A cross-sectional study was performed among 70 infertile women dwelt in three age groups; twenty–twenty–five years, twenty-six–thirty-five years and ≥ thirty-six years. Hormonal levels were measured in venous blood samples as reported previously and included serum concentrations of FSH, LH, AMH and TSH assayed by standard laboratory methods. Statistical validation was carried out for age vs hormonal variables. the results showed the large age-related hormonal changes. While serum FSH, LH, and TSH were progressively increased with aging, AMH levels decreased significantly. Age was strongly positively correlated to FSH (r = 0.98, P < 0.001) and LH (r = 0.94, P < 0.001), with AMH strongly negatively correlated with age (r = -0.30, P = 0.0015). These results are indicative of a diminishing ovarian reserve and changes in endocrine function in older women with infertility. General scientific summary: Age has a major impact on reproductive and thyroid hormonal profiles in infertile women. Evaluation of FSH, LH, AMH, and TSH may yield diagnostic information to assess reproductive status and offer insight into treatment planning. Improving fertility assessment and individualized therapeutic strategies for patients using early hormonal screening.